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ময়দা আটার খাবার খেয়ে যেসব রোগ- ভাতের বদলে রুটি খেলে শরীর সুস্থ আর ঝরঝরে থাকে-এমনটা অনেকেই ভেবে থাকেন। আবার পেট পরিষ্কার রাখার জন্যেও গমের তৈরি নানা খাবার খান কেউ কেউ।
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কিন্তু অনেকেই হয়তো জানেন না, রুটি বা আটা-ময়দার খাবার খাওয়ার ফলে শরীরে বাসা বাঁধতে পারে একাধিক রোগ। ভারতীয় সংবাদমাধ্যম জিনিউজে উঠে এসেছে এমনই কিছু তথ্য।
চলুন তাহলে জেনে নেওয়া যাক রুটি বা আটা-ময়দার খাবার থেকে শরীরে ঠিক কী কী সমস্যা তৈরি হতে পারে-
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গমে উপস্থিত থাকে অতিরিক্ত গ্লুটেন, যা শরীরে সহজে হজম হতে চায় না। তাই হজমের সমস্যা হতে পারে।
এই গ্লুটেন থেকেই অনেক সময় পেটের নানা সমস্যার সৃষ্টি হয়। ‘আমেরিকান জার্নাল অব ক্লিনিকাল নিউট্রিশন’ কর্তৃক প্রকাশিত একটি প্রতিবেদনে দাবি করা হয়েছে, পাউরুটি খাওয়ার পর শরীরে পরিপাকে বেশ কিছু পরিবর্তন হয়।
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এর প্রভাবে শরীরের বিশেষ কিছু হরমোনের ক্ষরণ বেড়ে যায় যা মানসিক অবসাদ বা ডিপ্রেশনের মতো সমস্যাকে বহু গুণ বাড়িয়ে দেয়।
একাধিক গবেষণায় দেখা গেছে, গমে থাকা গ্লুটেন নামে উপাদান হজম হতে অনেকটাই সময় নেয়। আর এই গ্লুটেন হজম হওয়া মানেই বাড়তে শুরু করে রক্তে শর্করার মাত্রা। ফলে ইনসুলিনের ক্ষরণও বেড়ে যায়।
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দিনের পর দিন এমনটা চলতে থাকলে টাইপ ২ ডায়াবেটিসেআক্রান্ত হওয়ার ঝুঁকি বহুগুণ বৃদ্ধি পায়। সেই কারণেই যাদের পরিবারে ডায়াবেটিসেআক্রান্ত রয়েছে, চিকিৎসকেরা তাদের গমের তৈরি খাবার এড়িয়ে চলার পরামর্শ দিয়ে থাকেন।
হৃদরোগ বিশেষজ্ঞদের মতে, গমের তৈরি খাবার খেলে কোলেস্টেরলের সমস্যাও বৃদ্ধি পেতে পারে। তাছাড়া গমের তৈরি খাদ্য উপাদান ত্বকের বয়স বাড়িয়ে দিতে পারে। ত্বক কুচকে যায়, ত্বকে বলিরেখা দেখা দিতে পারে।
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এ ছাড়াও গমের তৈরি খাবার-দাবার বেশি পরিমাণে খেলে অকালে চুল ঝরে গিয়ে টাক পড়ে যাওয়ার সমস্যাও দেখা দিতে পারে।
একাধিক গবেষণায় দেখা গেছে, আটা-ময়দা দিয়ে তৈরি কোনো খাবার খাওয়ার পর শরীরে একদিকে যেমন শর্করার মাত্রা বৃদ্ধি পায়, তেমনি কার্বোহাইড্রেটের পরিমাণও বাড়তে শুরু করে। ফলে ওজন বাড়তে শুরু করে। বেড়ে যায় উচ্চ রক্তচাপের সমস্যাও।
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খাওয়ার আগে দুধ ফুটিয়ে খাবেন নাকি কাঁচা ?
শরীরের জন্য প্রয়োজনীয় খাবারের মধ্যে দুধ অন্যতম। পুষ্টিবিদদের মতে, অনিদ্রা থেকে হজমের নানা সমস্যা দূর করে এই তরল পদার্থ।
কিন্তু বেশিরভাগ মানুষই জানেন না, দুধ জাল দিয়ে নিলে বা ফুটিয়ে নিলে তার পুষ্টিগুণ অনেকটাই কমে যায়। ভারতীয় সংবাদমাধ্যম জিনিউজের প্রতিবেদনে উঠে এসেছে এমনই কিছু গুরুত্বপূর্ণ কিছু তথ্য।
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দুধ ফুটিয়ে খাওয়া উচিত নাকি কাঁচা খাওয়া ভাল-এমন প্রশ্ন বরাবর রয়েই যায়। বর্তমানে বেশির ভাগ জায়গাতেই যে প্যাকেটজাত দুধ পাওয়া যায়, যা পাস্তুরিত নামে পরিচিত। তবে বিশেষজ্ঞদের মতে, এই প্যাকেটজাত দুধও ফুটিয়ে খাওয়াই ভাল।
যুক্তরাষ্ট্রের নিউ ইয়র্কের কর্নেল বিশ্ববদ্যালয়ের ফুড সায়েন্স বিভাগের গবেষকদের মতে, পাস্তুরাইজ করার পরও দুধ ১০০ শতাংশ ব্যাকটেরিয়া মুক্ত করা যায় না।
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কারণ, দুধে সালমোনেল্লা, সিউডোমোনাস, ব্যাসিলাস, এনটারোব্যাকটর, ই-কোলাই-এর মতো ক্ষতিকারক ব্যাকটেরিয়া বাসা বাঁধে যা শরীরের প্রতিরোধ ক্ষমতা কমিয়ে দেয়। তাদের মতে, প্যাকেটের দুধও ফুটিয়ে খাওয়াই ভালো।
পুষ্টিবিদদের মতে, কাঁচা দুধে যে সব ব্যাকটেরিয়া জন্মায়, সামান্য আঁচে ফোটালে ওই ব্যাকটেরিয়াগুলো মরে যায়। পাস্তুরিত প্যাকেটজাত দুধ উচ্চ তাপমাত্রায় না ফোটালেও সামান্য গরম করে খাওয়া যেতে পারে। এতে দুধের পুষ্টিগুণ বজায় রেখে তা ব্যাকটিরিয়া মুক্ত করা সম্ভব হবে।